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Creating a website using PHP Includes
This is pretty basic stuff but for those who are not familiar with PHP includes and are finding it hard to start using PHP to build a website, this might help you on your way. I have had a few requests to write a simple tutorial on how to build a website using PHP includes. This is written for Jim (no surname mentioned!) as he wanted to know the easiest way to build a website, maintain it and still have individual pages for good search engines ranking positions.

The method we are going to use as the example, will allow you to have as many pages are you require in your website from just a couple of pages or a couple of hundred. Using this method only the centre section on each page will be different (the page content). The top, side and bottom pages are all 'included' automatically by PHP.

For instance, if you have a website of about 20 pages and you need to change the menu system or add a few more links, then by making use of PHP includes you can change just the one file (the included one) and then all others pages which utilise this included file will also be automatically updated. Just think of the time saved by changing the one file compared to changing 20 of them! From a designer's point of view, it does not bear thinking about!

Back to what we were doing, the layout of our page will be like:-

Building a website using PHP Includes

Step One A good rule is to keep all files which are related to a particular website in the same folder. This prevents any dead links or linking errors which may creep in later on when the website gets quite large. This applies to all websites you create and not just this tutorial. Another good tip which is worth remembering is to keep all filenames you create for pages in lowercase.

Now we know to keep all our files in the same folder, create a folder and call it whatever you want, just remember where it is. Then open up your HTML editor and create a new page, save this page as template.php inside the folder you have just created. The extension of the page you create has to end with .php and not .html. All page extensions need to end with .php to allow PHP to parse the pages and include the includes! Type the following into the blank page in source view or if you know a little HTML, create the tables in WYSIWYG view.

Building a website using PHP Includes
Using the code above, we have created a table with two columns. We will use the first column as our navigation menu.

Step Two Now we have the actual page which will create our individual pages from, what we need now are the pages to include. So open up a new blank page in your editor and then save this blank page and call it header.php

Repeat this process for footer.php and menu.php. So now you should have 3 blank pages and the template.php page. You now have all the pages created that will form the basis of your website. Remember this is a tutorial only and you can add any colour format / style after you have got to know a bit about how to use the PHP includes in a website.

Pages you should have created are:-

* template.php (Our main page which we will be using again later)
* header.php (Our included page header)
* footer.php (Our included footer page)
* menu.php (Our included page which will have our menu links on)


Step Three Open up the header.php page and add some text or logo. For our template just add some text which says: "Welcome to PHP Include Test".

Open up the footer.php page and add a copyright notice. The footer can be used for other purposes including more links, but all this can be added later. We will just use it for our copyright notice.

Open up the menu.php page and add the following:

Home
About Us
Contact Us

Now we are happy with how our site is progressing, it is time to open up the template.php page. You will notice this page is blank and it will remain so. We are just going to use this page as a template page to create our other pages. So with this page open in your HTML editor, save this page as index.php.

Open this new page (index.php) as this is our new main index page. Repeat this process as many times as you want creating a number of pages to correspond with your website.

Now we have the foundation and pages created, add the text to all the pages you have just created and then open up the menu.php page again. You now have the number of links and pages that you need to add to this file.

For instance, if you created 3 pages from the template.php page (index.php, about.php, contact.php) you can now add these links to the page. Anything you now add to the pages header.php, menu.php footer.php will automatically appear on every page on your website if you use the template,.php page to create extra pages.

Now, to view the pages you have created you will need to upload them to a PHP enabled web server. Nearly all hosts support this now as standard. Point your browser to the uploaded index page and you should be able to see the basic layout and pages we have just created. Have a p[lay around adding text and images so you get the full idea of what PHP Includes can do. It's a great way to create and make a website very maintainable.

After following this tutorial, you should be able to create your own website which is very easy to maintain and consists of loads of pages with quality content for the search engines to find.

Have Fun, Steve

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Build Your Own Database Driven Web Site Using PHP & MySQL, Fourth Edition Article

Author
Kevin Yank
Department
PHP
Date
July 2, 2009
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PHP and MySQL have changed.

Back in 2001, when I wrote the first edition of this book, readers were astonished to discover that you could create a site full of web pages without having to write a separate HTML file for each page. PHP stood out from the crowd of programming languages, mainly because it was easy enough for almost anyone to learn and free to download and install. The MySQL database, likewise, provided a simple and free solution to a problem that, up until that point, had been solvable only by expert programmers with corporate budgets.

Back then, PHP and MySQL were special – heck, they were downright miraculous! But over the years, they have gained plenty of fast-moving competition. In an age when anyone with a free WordPress account can set up a full-featured blog in 30 seconds flat, it’s no longer enough for a programming language like PHP to be easy to learn; nor is it enough for a database like MySQL to be free.

Indeed, as you sit down to read this book, you probably have ambitions that extend beyond what you can throw together using the free point-and-click tools of the Web. You might even be thinking of building an exciting, new point-and-click tool of your own. WordPress, after all, is built using PHP and MySQL, so why limit your vision to anything less?

To keep up with the competition, and with the needs of more demanding projects, PHP and MySQL have had to evolve. PHP is now a far more intricate and powerful language than it was back in 2001, and MySQL is a vastly more complex and capable database. Learning PHP and MySQL today opens up a lot of doors that would have remained closed to the PHP and MySQL experts of 2001.

That’s the good news. The bad news is that, in the same way that a butter knife is easier to figure out than a Swiss Army knife (and less likely to cause self-injury!), all these dazzling new features and improvements have indisputably made PHP and MySQL more difficult for beginners to learn.

Worse yet, PHP has completely abandoned several of the beginner-friendly features that gave it a competitive advantage in 2001, because they turned out to be oversimplifications, or could lead inexperienced programmers into building web sites with gaping security holes. This is a problem if you’re the author of a beginner’s book about PHP and MySQL.

PHP and MySQL have changed, and those changes have made writing this book a lot more difficult. But they have also made this book a lot more important. The more twisty the path, the more valuable the map, right?

In this book, I’ll provide you with a hands-on look at what’s involved in building a database driven web site using PHP and MySQL. If your web host provides PHP and MySQL support, you’re in great shape. If not, I’ll show you how to install them on Windows, Mac OS X, and Linux computers, so don’t sweat it.

This book is your map to the twisty path that every beginner must navigate to learn PHP and MySQL today. Grab your favorite walking stick; let’s go hiking!

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Search relevance optimization includes the overall optimization of search contents and query and results refinements to yield optimized results for the end users.

The search relevance optimization involves end to end optimization of the entire index building and querying process. This includes

1. Content Refinement before Indexing
2. Relevance Ranking Tuning
3. Query Refinement Tuning

The Search relevance includes the following

1. Presentation of results and functionality on the search page
2. Configuration of content available for search
3. Query Latency
4. Sorting and Ranking of Search Results

Important Terms to be understood while understanding the search relevance

• Rank Points
• Dynamic Rank
• Static Rank
• Anchor Text
• Search Item
• Recall
• Index Schema
• Search clickthrough

Rank Points

This is the score provided to an item depending on the importance of each searchable item. The higher the rank score of an application, the higher the items appear in the search results.

Dynamic Rank

The Dynamic rank is the rank generated at the run time during the query time. it is calculated during the query time on the basis of input query phrase and the rank configuration. In FAST 2010, you can have several rank configurations which appear as different sort criterions at the search frontend.

Static Rank

This is based on the boost values that is stored in the predefined managed properties. The static rank is added to items during the indexing time. It is efficient from query performance perspective as it does not add any complexity to the query evaluation.

Since the static rank is attached to the document during the indexing time, it is independent of the query terms and hence it signifies the general importance of the document.

Anchor Text

This is the visible clickable text available in the hyperlink.

Search Item

A search Item is an item in the index which can be searched by the user. it can be a document, a database record or any other information which has been added to the index and is available for searching.

Search Recall

This is the popularity of search keyword in returning the search results. Any search item which returns  a larger set of results than the other one, has a higher Search recall.

Index

This is the database created by after indexing the content and returns an online database against which the search information can be searched.

Search Clickthrough

In FAST 2010, a click on the searched results item, associates the query with that clicked item. once the user clicks on that item, the query gets refined to include the clicked item and is known as search clickthrough.